Each computer, whether it's a desktop or notebook, inside there are a lot of interfaces, you can put each recognized and know their uses? some typically describe all lack patience, but also do not have sufficient illustrations and the like, makes everyone noontime.
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This article aims at comprehensive reference not only to help newcomers Rookie, I hope to also experienced people to help. By a lot of pictures and simple words of explanation, we will introduce you to various PC slot, port, interface, and is usually the kind of device to connect to the above. So this article is for those who have a computer and external interface is not very clear about who would be more helpful, but not a computer connection failures quickly reference book..
PC connectivity aspects of the parts is more reassuring: not compatible interface accessories simply can not connect. Of course, very few cases does not rule out the emergence of better things, therefore leading to hardware damage is very rare now a. .
USB。.
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USB (Universal Serial Bus) interface may be most familiar with the bar, USB is designed to connect a mouse, keyboard, mobile hard drives, digital cameras, Internet phone (VoIP skype or something), printers and other peripherals, theoretically a USB host port support can be a maximum of 127 devices. There are two standard USB, USB1.1 maximum transmission speed of 12Mbps, USB2. 0 to 480Mbps, these two standards is exactly the same interface can also be backward compatible, the different speeds depending on the computer motherboard and the USB device USB controller chips, chips. USB interface with the power lines, so that USB devices such as mobile hard disk, etc. do not need a power cord were followed up (up to 500mA 5V voltage), now supports the USB interface, the phone can be charged via the computer. .
USB interface: PC on A common Type is the type, some USB devices (generally with netConnect) often use a Type B, Mp3, camera, cell phones and other small digital devices are typically mini USB interface.
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On the left side of this line is A type of computer Type, the right is the next device Type b port, this line is generally used in printers, large removable disk cartridge, etc..
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USB extension cable, 5 meters in General, if you think the computer's USB connector at the back is not convenient, you can buy the wire it to export to the front.
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Small digital devices, measuring equipment, mini USB, miniUSB and TypeA easy transfer cable.
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Connector on the USB Logo.
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USB separation line: every USB port can provide 5V 500mA power, if some of the higher power requirements, you will need to have this stuff, you can choose from two parallel, 1000mA USB power.
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You can use this stuff from your computer's USB port to charge the battery, however this USB data transfer function is useless.
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This is the PS2 USB interface, many optical mouse is attached to the application.
IEEE-1394 / Firewire / i. . Link. .
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Firewire cable, a 6-pin to 4 pin the other end. .
IEEE1394 is widely used in digital camera, network, storage device in the official name of the serial interface, Firewire, Apple calls it the Sony .link call it I.. Transfer rate, now 400Mbps IEEE1394 IEEE1394b being the 800Mbps (firewire-800) criteria are replaced. Common firewire devices are generally of a 6-pin power supply interface, there's also a 4-pin connectors with power, while the firewire-800 device is to use the 9-pin cable and connector. .
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Piece of two 6-pin firewire card interface and a 4-pin connectors. .
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6-pin power supply can provide interfaces. .
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Does not provide the power of 4 pin connectors, usually used in laptops and other devices DC and above. .
Cinch RCA (composite video, audio, HDTV component).
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We can see in the back of the TV to this type of interface styles, the first row of the first video, the latter two are left and right channels, and the following three are used for HDTV. This video interface could rely on color to distinguish between them, see the table below:.
Color. .
Function.
Signal type. .
Black or white.
Audio left. .
Simulation.
Red. .
Audio right channel, HDTV is the red component of the color.
Simulation. .
Yellow.
Video compound. .
Simulation.
Green. .
HDTV y component.
Simulation. .
Blue.
HDTV Cb / Pb component. .
Simulation.
Red. .
Cr/Pr component HDTV.
Simulation. .
Orange/yellow.
SPDIF audio. .
Digital.
As can be seen from the table, some of the same color as the interface, there may be confused, such as SPDIF and video composite interface, as well as HDTV in the Cr / Pr component and right channel audio, it is necessary to look closely at a connection instructions, and pay attention to HDTV interface to a group of generally three in a row. .
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RCA connectors, different colors different input signals. .
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2 kinds of SPDIF (Digital Audio): the left is the RCA / coax interface right is the TOSLINK interface to. .
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TOSKLINK joints. .
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SCART-RCA (composite video, 2X audio and S terminal) switching adapter. .
Terms:.
RCA = Radio Corporation of America. .
SPDIF = Sony/Philips Digital Interfaces 。.
PS / 2. .
The name comes from the IBM PS/2, this interface is widely used in the keyboard and mouse, is already a standard, they are now slowly being replaced by USB, PS/2 connectors generally have color logo.
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There are color logo on the left, the left one is the old logo with no color.
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Green as a mouse, and purple as the keyboard. There is no color flag PS/2 interface is easy to plug the keyboard and mouse mix, but don't worry, this does not cause any trouble, you cannot use both, but many systems may therefore not be able to start, as long as the two interfaces can be switched over.
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USB PS/2 adapters.
VGA display interface. .
PC and monitor standard interface is the 15-pin mini D-Sub interface, aka HD15, we can also use an adapter to an analog monitor and DVI connection. This RGB D-sub interface three-colour signals, along with information such as H-Sync, Vsync.
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The VGA connector on the video card.
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Displayed on the VGA connector.
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Some new video cards usually with two DVI interfaces, use this simple DVI-VGA switchboxes..
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This makes it possible to output VGA signal.
Terms:. .
VGA = Video Graphics Array 。.
DVI display interface. .
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DVI display interface is used to transmit digital signals directly, graphics generated by the converted digital data sent to the first analog display side, if the display is a liquid crystal digital displays like the words, but also the analog signal and then converted back to digital signals, DVI direct transmission of digital signals, to avoid trouble. Another digital TDMS signal let the edge image positioning and synchronization. .
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DVI interface, dual graphics cards can output two figures. .
Because now the VGA to DVI conversion slow, compatible with most analog monitor, most versatile DVI or analog signals can be output and digital signal, and now there is also a signal that can only output DVI-D digital signal.
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DVI interface types.
Terms:. .
DVI = Digital Visual Interface 。.
RJ45 cable connector. .
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Ethernet over twisted pair cable, is now being replaced by Fast Gigabit Ethernet network. In fact, there are two twisted-pair cable:. .
One is the extensive use of straight lines and special cases using a crossover cable. If the switch is connected to PC or other network interfaces, or other connections on both sides of the position of reciprocity is the use of straight lines, but if you connect two devices are, for example, are two PCs, notebooks, etc, it is necessary to use a crossover cable. That is the line sequence does not match, the interface is the same.
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PCI card interface.
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Many network cards are with flags indicating the State of the network-connected LED lights. In Europe and North America, ISDN and other networked devices use the same RJ45 connector. ISDN is widely used in Europe and in North America compared to universal broadband connection, but only the DSL modem cable with RJ45 and BNC interface is typically used. Therefore, users need to pay attention to the RJ45 connector labeled is next to the "LAN", "ISDN" or "DSL", of course, do not plug the wrong than to worry about damage to the equipment.
RJ11 telephone line interface. .
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RJ45 and RJ11 quite similar in appearance, but the RJ11 has four access points with 8 RJ45, RJ11 in the computer is mainly used in the modem, because many countries the telephone connection is different, so RJ11 adapter be more. .
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Notebook on the RJ11 interfaces. .
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RJ11 modem interface. .
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This is a telephone line for Germany, the RJ11 plug conversion line. .
S-Video (Hosiden, Y/C)。.
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S Terminal is to detach the luminance and chrominance values to transmit analog video signal than composite video in higher quality images in all of the analog signal output scenario, second only to HDTV component output mode. However, by TDMS DVI or HDMI digital output is the optimal choice of picture quality.
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Video S terminal interface, you can output to a TV.
SCART. .
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SCART is a complex joint, widely used in Europe and Asia consumer electronics products, this joint also with the S terminal, RGB and analog stereo audio signal, but does not support analog HDTV component YpbPr and YcrCb color mode. .
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TV and VCR to connect the SCART interfaces. .
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The switch interface, the signal can be isolated from RCA to SCART. .
HDMI。.
HDMI is used to transmit uncompressed HDTV signals in digital multimedia interface, the maximum supported resolution of 1920 × 1080 interlaced signal (1080i), integrated digital rights management (DRM) copy protection mechanism, currently uses a 19-pin Type A interfaces. .
And 29-pin Type B (supports higher than 1080i resolution) HDMI interface there is no product support, HDMI and DVI-D adopt the same digital signal generation TDMS, so we can see in high-end products HDMI-DVI adaptor. In addition, HDMI can transmit 8-channel, 24 bit, 192KHz sampling rate audio signals, the HDMI signal cable should not exceed 15 m.
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HDMI-DVI wiring.
Terms:. .
HDMI = High Definition Multimedia Interface 。.
Serial ATA (SATA). .
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Four SATA interfaces on the motherboard. .
SATA is a serial bus, mainly used in large-capacity storage device, was designed to replace the older parallel ATA interface. First-generation SATA has now been widely used, the transfer rate at 150MBps. Signal cable up to 1 m, SATA uses a point-to-point connection, connect the SATA interface on the motherboard, a direct-attached hard disk, there is no other devices can share the data cable, and therefore there is no need to like parallel ATA hard disk settings for master and slave (parallel ATA each data line can be connected to 1-2 devices).
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Many of the SATA data cable edge connector with prevention at the end of the abrasion of protective sleeve.
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All kinds of SATA power cable.
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SATA hard drive power connector.
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Different colors of the cable.
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In spite of SATA is designed in an internal connection of the PC, but it is easy to become an external SATA interface.
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You can use the traditional d-type connector on the power supply, power supply.
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You can also use the diagram SATA dedicated power connector.
ATA/133 (Parallel ATA, UltraDMA/133 Or E-IDE). .
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IDE is used to connect hard drives and optical drives (CD and DVD) of the parallel bus, also known as Parallel ATA, Parallel ATA to use the latest version of the 40-pin 80-wire flat data cable to connect the motherboard and drives, each data line up Connect 2 devices, you need to set the device were the main dish (master) and slave (slave), the general adoption of such a set of jumper on the drive to achieve. .
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IDE data line, the middle one less hole to prevent the inserted backwards. .
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Connected to the DVD drive, the attention to the red line if the cable part of the direction of power connector is always rushed. .
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General 3. .5-Inch IDE hard drive interfaces. .
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If you want to 2. .5-Inch IDE hard drive received a common interface, you can use an adapter like the figure above. .
Patch cable, please follow these principles: data cable has a red mark on the side of the Board should be aligned with the edge of the IDE interface is marked with the number 1 on one side, and also to carefully check the motherboard and the IDE connector on the drive and the data cable connector, make sure that they lack the needle and the lack of pinhole corresponds to the position.
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Use a data cable to connect two devices, you need to use the image below in the blue jumper cap for slave setting hard drive will typically have illustrated, is set up correctly in the BIOS will display hard drive device info.
Terminology. .
ATA = Advanced Technology Attachment 。.
E-IDE = Enhanced Integrated Drive Electronics. .
AGP graphics acceleration interface.
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Now the most widely used on the PC of the graphical interface or AGP, there are some old PC with PCI interface, but the momentum for the development of PCI Express is very strong. PCI is a kind of parallel bus, PCI Express is a serial bus, the two are completely different things.
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The above is an AGP interface, the following is a PCIE interface.
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Number of workstation-class motherboard with AGP pro display interfaces, some OpenGL video card power supply stronger certain, despite increasingly problematic video card power supply, AGP pro does not have to be replaced by the video card power connectors on the excess.
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Video extra 4-pin or 6-pin power connector.
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Additional Molex power interface.
AGP 1X 2X 4X and 8X is divided into several criteria, the maximum bandwidth they can provide the following table:. .
Standard.
Bandwidth. .
AGP 1X。.
256 MB / s. .
AGP 2X。.
533 MB / s. .
AGP 4X。.
1066 MB / s. .
AGP 8X。.
2133 MB / s. .
Attention to AGP1X and 2X voltage is 3 .3V, 4X., 4 x and 8 x voltage of 1 .5V only., many motherboards have a flag to remind you not to insert the wrong video card, but also has a universal AGP card can work in two voltages below.
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The top is golden finger left a gap of 3 .3V AGP video card., the middle is Goldfinger has two gaps (one for 3 .3V AGP., another for 1 .5V AGP.) universal AGP video card, the bottom is golden finger right gap of 1 .5V AGP graphics.!.
PCI Express: The Serial Bus. .
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Figure top is a PCI Express X16 slot, the following two PCI Express X1 slots. .
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Support nVIDIA SLI dual PCI-Express interfaces. A small PCI Express x1 in the middle. .
PCI Express (PCIe) is used for the latest video card interfaces, can also be used for connecting other cards, but currently this type of card is also very small. In theory, can provide close to PCIe X16 twice the AGP 8X one-way transmission bandwidth, but in fact, bandwidth advantage has not been fully utilized in today's video cards.
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The top is a PCI Express x16, the middle two traditional PCI connector, one PCI Express x1 below.
PCI Express bandwidth:. .
PCI E channel number.
One-way bandwidth of. .
Bi-directional bandwidth.
1. .
256 MB/s。.
512 MB / s. .
2.
512 MB / s. .
1 GB/s。.
4. .
1 GB/s。.
2 GB / s. .
8.
2 GB / s. .
4 GB/s。.
16. .
4 GB/s。.
8 GB / s. .
PCI and PCI-X.
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PCI is an early variety is used to connect to the PC card bus standards, such as network card, Modem, sound card and video editing card and so on. Most boards are based on a 32-bit 33MHz frequency, 2. .1 version of the PCI interface, 3 .3V voltage, can-provided maximum 133MB/s of bandwidth, some boards also have 2 .3 66MHz. PCI version. Parallel PCI bus is another direction PCI-X, this interface in the workstation and the server is common, the SCSI controller and a multiport adapter needs this kind of high-bandwidth interface. 64-bit, 133MHz in PCI-X 1. .0 Can provide 1GB / s bandwidth. .
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PCI 2. .1 Specification support 3. .3 V voltage, the slot on the left of the old barrier to prevent the wrong type 5V PCI card inserted. .
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Just insert the card cheat. .
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64-bit PCI-X port on the RAID controller card. .
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The top is a 32-bit PCI slot, following the three 64-bit PCIX interface, the bottom of the green jack to support ZCR (Zero Channel RAID). .
Terms:.
PCI = Peripheral Component Interconnect. .
Standard ATX power supply connector and. ..
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Power connector.
Power specification:. .
AMD。.
Socket 462. .
Standard power supply.
ATX12V 1. .3 Or higher. .
ATX plug。.
20-pin. .
Assistance AUX plug (6-pin).
Unused. .
P4 connector (4-pin 12V).
Rarely used. .
Socket 754。.
Power standards. .
ATX12V 1. .5 or greater.
ATX plug. .
24-pin 20-pin, sometimes.
AUX plug (6-pin). .
Don't have to.
P4 connector (4-pin 12V). .
Sometimes used.
Socket 939. .
Standard power supply.
ATX12V 1. .3 Or higher. .
ATX plug。.
20-pin, sometimes 24-pin. .
AUX plug (6-pin)。.
Unused. .
P4 connector (4-pin 12V)。.
Sometimes used. .
Intel。.
Socket 370. .
Standard power supply.
ATX12V 1. .3 Or higher. .
ATX plug。.
20-pin. .
AUX plug (6-pin)。.
Rarely used. .
P4 connector (4-pin 12V)。.
Rarely used. .
Socket 423。.
Power standards. .
ATX12V 1。.3 or higher。.
ATX plug. .
20-pin。.
AUX plug (6-pin). .
Rarely used.
P4 connector (4-pin 12V). .
You need to.
Socket 478. .
Standard power supply.
ATX12V 1. .3 Or higher. .
ATX plug。.
20-pin. .
AUX plug (6-pin)。.
Unused. .
P4 plug (4-pin 12V)。.
Needs. .
Socket 775。.
Power standards. .
ATX12V 2。.01 or higher。.
ATX plug. .
20-pin 24-pin, sometimes.
AUX plug (6-pin). .
n/a。.
P4 plug (4-pin 12V). .
You need to.
P4 plug (8-pin 12V). .
945X chipset or higher is required.
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24-pin ATX power connector.
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20-pin ATX connector on the motherboard.
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20-pin ATX cable.
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6-pin connector on the ESP.
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The power cable from the floppy drive.
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20/24-pin power connector with detachable motherboard (ATX or EATX).
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Don't put 20/24-pin power connector with detachable 4-pin 12V connector is inserted into the expansion of secondary (AUX) power interface, so it either becomes Extended ATX power connector or completely useless (with 20-pin ATX power connector on the motherboard).
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Separate 4-pin power cable will belong to the 12V auxiliary (AUX) power interface, very easy to identify: two yellow and two black wires.
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Some boards also need extra power supply.
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Technical comment ?. .
Motherboard USB pin interface encyclopedia.
Study: xcvm Time: July 22, 2007 Sunday. .
I. Overview because each USB interface to peripherals provide + 5V500MA current, when we connect onboard USB interface, must strictly follow the user manual of the motherboard to install. Must not be an error, otherwise it will burn the motherboard or peripherals. I believe many friend connect the front USB plug in the cable also had something similar to "smoke". This makes it necessary for us to accurately distinguish front USB cable of the order if we know that the USB interface of basic wiring structure, then the problem is not solved it? Second, USB Interface physical map Host: wiring diagram: VCC Data-Data + GND physical map:. .
The device-side: wiring diagram: VCC-GND Data Data + 3, available in the common USB wiring structure over the past two years, the motherboard market, onboard front panel USB connector that is using the standard 9-pin USB interface, the 9-pin is empty, it was relatively easy to determine. But most brand computer is using the custom motherboard manufacturers, our maintenance when no instruction manual, and like previous 815 motherboard, motherboard etc. 440BX, 440VX, front USB connection very confused, not a unified standard. When we repair these machines, how to judge the access law? Now, the market of the more common front USB board summary access method for your reference. (Note: ■ on behalf of a pin, □ on behalf of a needle position without the pin.) 1, 6-pin double row of this interface is not used, this type of USB pin arrangement found in elite P6STP-FL (REV: 1 . .1) motherboard, the host 766 for Haier little Superman. Positive and negative power supply of its two front USB interfaces to share, so the two front USB interface requires six lines connecting the motherboard, wiring as shown below.■ DATA1 + ■ DATA1 DATA2-■ ■ ■ the VCC-GND DATA2 + * 2, 8-pin double-row this kind of interface the most common, in fact, take up the position of the 10-pin only has two needle position is available, such as elite P4VXMS (REV: 1. .0) motherboard, etc. The Board also provides a standard 9-pin connection, such as a convenience for DIY when assembling a PC connection is easy. ■ VCC ■ DATA-■ DATA + □ NUL ■ GND ■ GND □ NUL ■ DATA + ■ DATA-■ VCC. .
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MSI MS-5156 motherboard front USB interface is used in each 8-pin reverse method. Although the board using Intel 430TX chipset, but the first time and provides a rare USB1. .0 Standard interface of two, only need to use a separate external pin. Since the motherboard's USB-powered with a current-limiting protection technology, so even if the power supply line connected to USB counter and will not cause or motherboard can not be burned Kai USB devices in one.■ ■ ■ The VCC DATA-DATA + GND GND ■ ■ ■ the DATA-DATA + ■ ■ VCC the interface of the more common, more use in 815, or 440BX earlier motherboard. ■ DATA + VCC * DATA * ■ ■ ■ the VCC-GND DATA + * DATA-* GND following this kind of interface is now more is also found in 2001, 2002, the period of the motherboard. ■ VCC ■ DATA-■ DATA + □ NUL ■ GND ■ VCC ■ DATA-■ DATA + □ NUL ■ GND 3, 9-pin USB interface, front-row that the most common, most motherboards are using this interface, some of them with a slot limit. Such as: Elite P6IEA, INTEL D845GLVA motherboard, L4IBMGL2 (REV: 1. .0 B), the elite 865PE-A (REV: 2. .0), Jetway P4X400DA motherboard Jetway JP4MFM.■VCC ■DATA－ ■DATA＋ ■GND ■NC ■VCC ■DATA－ ■DATA＋ ■GND □NUL 。.
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Some of the 10-pin motherboard also grounded, but this is not a big change on the performance, nor is there much difference, you can add or not add. ■VCC ■DATA－ ■DATA＋ ■GND ■GND ■VCC ■DATA－ ■DATA＋ ■GND □NUL 。.
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Some motherboard not only design with limited places, but also clearly labeled on each pin of the definition, such as weixing MS-845GLML motherboard.
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Wave production of motherboard front USB interface even though it is nine-pin, but the location of the air-all with a bit of a special and other manufacturers, the location of the space needle, such as the exact opposite, 845DBA 845GPRO, such as motherboards, empty 845DBAR2 pin location is just 10-pin, rather than the 9-pin.
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Elite L4S5M motherboard is 9-pin front panel USB interface, but the empty pin position 7-pin, 4-pin is not used, the two USB interface is reciprocal. For the reciprocal of the USB interface, we must pay attention to could not be wrong, because this situation because we received on an often judged by the experience of another connection, which part is damaged. ■ GND ■ NC ■ DATA + ■ DATA-■ VCC ■ VCC ■ DATA-■ DATA + □ NUL ■ GND 4, 10-pin double elite P6STM motherboard, Shenzhou computer using FC-810T motherboard to use 10-pin double USB interface, the ninth , 12 for the idle pin, 2 USB interface, the same as the access method. ■ VCC ■ DATA-■ DATA + ■ GND ■ NC ■ VCC ■ DATA-■ DATA + ■ GND ■ NC. .
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Like the MSI 845 Ultra VER: 1 board, although the needle used is 10-row access method, but the two USB Connection On the contrary, and use a pair of ground. ■ VCC ■ DATA-■ DATA + ■ GND ■ GND ■ GND ■ GND ■ DATA + ■ DATA-■ VCC. .
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MSI 815E PRO (VER: 1) N1996 ■ VCC ■ DATA-■ DATA + ■ GND ■ NC ■ NC ■ GND ■ DATA + ■ DATA-■ VCC. .
5, 15-pin double-row this kind of interface, found in Bai Yu P4X266 (PR22-S), Shuo Tektronix SL-65KV2 motherboard above, while the PIN number, but the USB interface is also just two, extra above a row are ground, is designed to reduce interference between the USB cord, improve work performance. ■ GND GND GND NULL ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ the GND GND GND GND ■ ■ ■ ■ the VCC DATA-DATA + GND ■ ■ ■ ■ the VCC DATA-DATA + ■ GND in-kind: . .
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Following these interfaces are rare, more common in some of the top OEM motherboard. ■ GND ■ GND ■ DATA + ■ DATA-■ VCC □ NUL ■ DATA + ■ GND ■ VCC ■ DATA-■ DATA + ■ GND ■ GND □ NUL ■ VCC ■ DATA-6, four-pin single row found in ASUS CUSL2-C (REV: 1 . .02), Author Tells P651ML, motherboards and other elite L4VXA2. ■ VCC ■ DATA + ■ DATA-■ GND □ NUL。.
4, connected in the chassis side of the market sales of DIY chassis also has two USB connectors, one is a scattered, one is a combination of, corresponding to use in non-standard USB interface and standard USB interfaces. 1, loose wire connection. .
2. standard combo connector.
In general, the chassis using the USB connectors are used 4 different colors to use different lines, including black line ground (GND), red line for the power supply is level (VCC or +5 Volt), white line of the negative line for the data (USB Port-or Data-), the green lines are lines of data (USB Port + or Data +).Both the bulk Add method or the portfolio head, we must identify our installation correct (especially power minus connection), you can power on the machine, you must use a multimeter to help us determine the onboard USB pin of the correct polarity. 5. USB interface of the basic method of judging USB cord for a maximum of six-pin and 8-pin, 9-pin, 10-pin USB cord, but because the use of the + 5V power supply and ground, we distinguish the correct definition. Because the process of using the computer for launch to the air a lot of wide-band electromagnetic waves, in order to prevent electromagnetic interference with other household electrical appliances, use a steel chassis, and cabinet safety ground. Another point we need to understand not only grounding the chassis, while also switching power supply chassis power supply to the secondary, which we usually refer to "the power negative." Therefore, we determine the time when the USB interface, as long as the multimeter place * a file or on-file, test USB interface the needle and the chassis is the turn, so you can immediately judge the earth.Just know that the Earth, and every two pin is "power", i.e. VCC-end. The rest can be arranged according to location. Basic method: will be discontinued or multimeter placed through a resistance of * 1..
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Contact with black table pen boards ground, such as a USB interface or a keyboard interface, the edges of the fixing screw locations, these locations are ground.
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Black table pen, red table notes one by one to reach the front USB connector pins.
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Received a PIN, multimeter issued or resistance stall indicates tweets to 0 or less, then red table pen contact front USB PIN is ground (GND). Next, and then under the basic layout of the USB connection, you can determine the power (VCC) and the other two data lines.
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If you are not confident that we can continue to determine power. Because the + 5V USB power used is determined by ATX20-pin power plug + 5V (red) or + 5VSB (purple), as long as the measurement which pin ATX power supply with red or purple conduction. Some high-end motherboard's USB power supply is not provided directly by power, but by the power supply according to the system USB pipes when the failure occurs when you cut off the power supply for peripheral devices, or use a current-limiting the USB interface IC output current limited to 500MA. We can observe the PCB board to judge the power line connection is the access method; also can file by using the multimeter to measure resistance, connected with the USB interface, power management or control of the insurance resistance conduction of the pin, USB interface is positive. 6, USB interface, power supply method 1, using +5 VSB or +5 V power supply of some low-end motherboard manufacturer for the production cost considerations, some sent directly switch power supply +5 VSB or +5 V power supply, during which one or no insurance, power or current limiting resistor.Doing so will cause such as a USB interface or USB peripherals failure will cause the host cannot be powered on or could not be started. If the host is a problem when inserting USB peripherals will cause the motherboard to immediately restart.
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Mid-range motherboard manufacturers mostly in USB power supply circuit design power filtering and recoverability insurance resistance to protect the stability of the motherboard, avoid hot-pluggable USB peripherals when panic or restart. Below because manufacturers using a simple power supply, causing power loop filter inductance of the more serious burns.
Because of the rear similar to USB interface and keyboard interface, so most motherboards are used in the design of the rear USB interface and mouse and keyboard with the power of practice in the general vicinity of the keyboard interface, there will be a JB1 jumper, the user can choose to use +5 VSB (keyboard and mouse can provide boot functionality, Wake on LAN feature, but the current smaller, mobile hard disk can not meet supply) power supply; or use the +5 V power supply (for the current larger, but not mouse and keyboard turn).However some motherboards at design time to cancel the jumper, so when the computer shuts down light lamp, this situation can only be used in the computer and unplug the host system powered power plug can be completely powered off.
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Like yingtai KBNHAG motherboard to use Board rear USB interface power supply more stable, light and USB power supply for a separation.
2 +5 V power supply used by limiting supply or use of power management IC controllable power supply of this design is typical of high-end motherboard, the USB power supply circuit in a capacitor filter, insurance resistor, limiting the power management IC or power, which designed to ensure that each USB interface to the motherboard to provide maximum peripheral 500MA power supply current, while when the peripheral circuit, the limit will be automatically cut off the USB Interface IC's power supply, ensure stable work of the normal host.However, because only the maximum 500MA supply current, so when we use the removable disk drive, often cannot recognize disk, hard disk, you can only read the file copy small files cannot copy large file, copy the file easy to panic, etc..
7, Note 6-pin USB interface, and power in which power is to be shared. 9-pin and 10 pin of the USB interface, the ninth pin is empty, is to locate, to prevent the USB interface to reverse, resulting in burning board situation. If you have questions when we judge, we can also assist by multimeter judge to determine the connection accuracy.8. the difference with other interfaces 1, 9-pin COM interface now because the USB and 1394 interface, both of connect the easy installation, plug, so you can live the original frequently used COM port is now less appear on the motherboard. Manufacturers in order to take account of the different customer groups, just keep the motherboard pin COM port need user separate external use. As a result of the use of COM is also a nine-pin connector, connect the front USB connector when an error occurs. Note the difference between the two, COM port of the 10th pin is empty, while the general there will be a graphic box outside and play with clear "COM" letters mark. .
, 9-pin front audio interface while the front panel audio connector (J_AUDIO) is a nine-pin, but empty needle is generally 7-pin, while the interface is usually a sound card or in the vicinity of the rear-mounted headset interface.
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10-pin front panel audio connector (junxing 845PEML), the audio interface with the General common nine front audio interface, 1, 9 is the right channel, 2, 10 is the left channel, 3, 4, 5, 7 to the VCC, MIC IN, 6-8 empty.
3, 9-pin front panel interface, front panel interface is the usual power switch, reset button, the hard disk light, power light. This is crossing a line usually together, but also happens to be nine needles, if there is no icon shows that, and USB interface is very similar to the front. However, we note for the home is empty needle 10 needle, especially the new motherboard that interfaces with a clear distinction between the color, therefore not prone to error. .
4, 9-pin interface found in INFOLINK GA-IG1000-G motherboard gigabyte.
5, 9-pin SPDIF interfaces found in Gigabyte and MSI motherboards, but the location of the interface space needle the fifth pin. .
69-pin interface found in weixing MS-6566 JDB, 6580 motherboard, it is necessary to pay attention to the interface and USB interface, it is very similar to the 9-pin. vacancies.
7, a single row of five-pin interface, infrared interface: infrared interface, USB pin definitions and similar, there are VCC, GND feet, Then to send and receive both feet, but the IR port with a single row of five empty needle is the fourth needle, rather than the fifth needle. .
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Wake on LAN interface: The interface though is a single row of five pins, but its full five-pin. .
8, 5-pin connector on the motherboard, 5-pin connector also has several, such as infrared, SPDIF Interface SUB_CEN interface, interface while using double-row 6-pin, but only five pin are not normally used as a USB interface.
9, 15-pin connector-board VGA interface: The interface 810 used in the more common before the board, the current board are generally used directly on-board VGA interface, COM2 interface alternative location. .
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Soft cat interface: If the elite P6SET-ML, this cat 370 interface board, the common need to take up some CPU resources to complete the data modulation and demodulation functions, is a special interface, and manufacturers can only produce their own soft cat necessary use. There are similar card interface. .
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AME interface: handle the game more and more use plug and play USB interface, sound card interfaces with the 15-pin GAME opportunities to use less and less, so some manufacturers on the motherboard rear interface eliminating the need for this interface, but the extension may be provided on the motherboard. .
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14 pin connected home audio interfaces: the front audio interface seen Gigabyte U8668-D (HEDY happy 2004), there is no more common in other motherboards, the most right side of the extra four needles can be used to directly use the jumper cap to short Then, to work around the home audio interface the same time. Otherwise, the rear interface controlled by the front interface, the current home into a headset microphone or headset interface, it will automatically cut off the rear input interface. .
Now with DVI LCD monitor is very popular, also equipped with the same interface display card is also very common, so together led to DVI, and VGA interfaces because of traditional and digital signal match exactly, so declined.
Speaking of DVI interfaces, many of my friends will think of white D-type socket. Yes, this is the DVI interface and VGA interface, but different. DVI Interface is divided into three categories 5 standard, each standard has its own application, if the distinction is not in use, will affect the performance of display devices. .
Therefore, as a common display interface standards, we are still very necessary to have an understanding of DVI!.
DVI Xiangjie. .
DVI Digital Visual Interface known as it is in 1999 by Silicon Image, Intel (Intel), Compaq (Compaq), IBM, HP (Hewlett Packard), NEC, Fujitsu and other companies make up a DDWG (Digital Display Working Group, the digital display working group) launches interface standard.
It is based on Silicon Image's PanalLink interface technology based on TMDS (Transition Minimized Differential Signaling, Minimized Differential Signaling) electronic agreement as the basic electrical connections. TMDS is a differential signaling mechanism can be pixel data coding and transmission via serial connection. Graphics generated by the transmitter digital signal encoded according to the agreement by TMDS TMDS channel sent to the receiver, after decoding to give digital display devices. .
DVI connector pins are defined.
A DVI display system includes a transmitter and a receiver. Transmitter is the source of the signal can be built-in graphics chip, the chip can also be an additional form of PCB on the graphics card; while the receiver is the display of a circuit, it can accept a digital signal, to decode and transfer its to the digital display circuit, through both, the signal from a graphics display image. .
And compared to the traditional VGA signal, using the DVI signal phase LCD does not exist, do not cause the jitter pixel. In addition, using the DVI signal, the display will not cause geometric distortion and greatly improves the quality of the picture.
DVI to different standards. .
And VGA connector, DVI interfaces exist many criteria, use the monitor must thoroughly understand.
From the following chart you can see, DVI is divided into a total of 5 standard. One DVI-D and DVI-I into the "double channel" and "channel" types, we usually see is the single-channel version, the high cost of dual-channel version, so only some of the specialized equipment is qualified , the average consumer is difficult to see. .
DVI-A is an analog transmission standards, professional advanced large-screen can be seen in the CRT. However, because there is no essential difference between VGA and the performance is not high, so in fact already discarded DVI-A. As regards the DFP interface, which is a has been abandoned early digital specifications.
DVI signals on various properties, you can see the following table:. .
Specifications signal notes.
DVI-I dual-channel digital / analog Convertible VGA. .
DVI-I single channel digital/analog VGA convertible.
DVI-D dual-channel digital can not convert VGA. .
DVI-D single channel digital VGA is not converted.
DVI-A analog has been abandoned. .
DFP figures have been abandoned.
VGA Analog -. .
18-pin and the 24-pin what's the difference?.
Market, we can often hear the dealer described the DVI cable, 18 +1 and 24 +1 and 18 +5 and 24 +5 which four kinds of specifications. .
Some people say 18-PIN is a simplified version that does not perform as well as a 24-pin; it was also stated that some of the 24-pin is a ground wire, and 18-exactly the same. The argument that the correct?.
In fact, the above table has been revealed details of the. 18 needles are single-channel DVI, transfer rate is only half the 24-pin for 165MHz. The screen display, single-channel DVI resolution and dual-channel support is exactly the same, but the refresh rate is only about half of dual-channel will cause a decline in display quality.In General, single-channel DVI interfaces, the maximum refresh rate can only support to 1920 * 1080 * 60hz or 1600 * 1200 * 60hz, i.e. existing 23-inch widescreen display and 20-inch standard ratio for the monitor to normal display, no matter how high would result in a decline in the display effect.
We now commonly used liquid crystal display is maintained in the 19-inch screen and 20-inch widescreen general about real people who spend very little large-screen displays, so the single-channel 18-pin DVI interface has enough. The use of large-screen LCD monitor, then 24-pin dual channel DVI is a necessary condition. .
DVI-I converted to VGA connector.
As of 18 +5 and 24 +5 this specification are all DVI-I, more than four lines may be used out of the traditional VGA compatible analog signal. This interface uses the graphics card more than display the basic need, unless it is 970P so would be considered a single interface to monitor. .
VGA monitor worth buying?.
Since we mentioned the DVI cable, it must say VGA. Because the market there are still some single-VGA LCD display for sale, prices are usually cheaper than the model with DVI hundred dollars or so they display it worth to buy? . .
Small series of recommendations is if it is a small-screen product purchase. Because of the difference between DVI and VGA only 1600 * 1200 high resolution will see more obvious, lower resolution such as 1280 * 1024 or 1440 * 900 is a fundamental difference, invisible.
The screen displays the phase and the geometric distortion problem, with the automatic adjustment of display technology, a key AUTO-off can be buttoned. .
The last warning you that if you decide to purchase dual-interface display, be sure to use the DVI signal, using a VGA signal display quality can seriously decrease. One reason is that a lot of shoddy work displayed card, VGA portion of the low-pass filter circuit is cancelled, the signal serious losses.
