Reference. .
962091062 computer encyclopedia of common interfaces.
Daquan common computer interface. .
Each computer, whether it's a desktop or notebook, inside there are a lot of interfaces, you can put each recognized and know their uses? some typically describe all lack patience, but also do not have sufficient illustrations and the like, makes everyone noontime.
This comprehensive reference to not only help the new rookie, hope and experienced people can help. Through a large number of pictures and simple text to explain, we will introduce you to a wide variety of slots on the PC, port, interface, and what kind of equipment is usually to connect at the top. This article for those inside and outside interfaces on the computer is not clear who will be more help, rather than a quick reference computer connection failure. .
PC parts connectivity comparison so thankfully: incompatible interfaces etc would not have been able to connect together. Of course, does not exclude very small, it's a good thing cause hardware damage things it is very rare.
USB. .
USB (Universal Serial Bus) interface may be most familiar with the bar, USB is designed to connect a mouse, keyboard, mobile hard drives, digital cameras, Internet phone (VoIP skype or something), printers and other peripherals, theoretically a USB host port support can be a maximum of 127 devices. There are two standard USB, USB1.1 maximum transmission speed of 12Mbps, USB2. 0 to 480Mbps, these two standards is exactly the same interface can also be backward compatible, the different speeds depending on the computer motherboard and the USB device USB controller chips, chips. USB interface with the power lines, so that USB devices such as mobile hard disk, etc. do not need a power cord were followed up (up to 500mA 5V voltage), now supports the USB interface, the phone can be charged via the computer. .
USB interface: PC on A common Type is the type, some USB devices (generally with netConnect) often use a Type B, Mp3, camera, cell phones and other small digital devices are typically mini USB interface.
The left side of this line is connected computers Type A Type I, on the right is the access device Type B Type I, this line is often used in printers and other devices in mobile hard disk box above. .
USB extension cable, 5 meters in General, if you think the computer's USB connector at the back is not convenient, you can buy the wire it to export to the front.
Small digital equipment, measuring equipment, mini USB interface to the above, miniUSB and TypeA the switch wiring is very easy to buy. .
Connector on the USB Logo.
USB sub Offline: Each USB port provides 5V 500mA of power, if some devices require a higher power, you need this stuff, and can be from two USB parallel, to achieve 1000mA of power. .
You can use this stuff from your computer's USB port to charge the battery, however this USB data transfer function is useless.
This is the PS2 USB switch interfaces, many optical mouse are attached. .
IEEE-1394 / Firewire / i。.Link。.
Firewire cable, a 6-pin to 4 pin the other end. .
IEEE1394 is widely used in digital camera, network, storage device in the official name of the serial interface, Firewire, Apple calls it the Sony .link call it I.. Transfer rate, now 400Mbps IEEE1394 IEEE1394b being the 800Mbps (firewire-800) criteria are replaced. Common firewire devices are generally of a 6-pin power supply interface, there is a non-powered 4-pin interface, the firewire-800 device is to use the 9-pin cable and connector. .
This firewire card offers two 6-pin connector and a 4-pin connector.
6-pin power supply can provide interfaces. .
Does not provide the power of 4-pin connector, generally used in devices such as DC and portables..
Cinch RCA (composite video, audio, HDTV component). .
We can see in the back of the TV to this type of interface styles, the first row of the first video, the latter two are left and right channels, and the following three are used for HDTV. This video interface could rely on color to distinguish between them, see the table below:.
Color. .
Function.
Signal type. .
Black or white.
Audio left. .
Simulation.
Red. .
Audio right channel, HDTV is the red component of the color.
Simulation. .
Yellow.
Video compound. .
Simulation.
Green. .
HDTV y component.
Simulation. .
Blue.
HDTV Cb / Pb component. .
Simulation.
Red. .
Cr/Pr component HDTV.
Simulation. .
Orange/yellow.
SPDIF audio. .
Digital.
As can be seen from the table, some of the same color as the interface, there may be confused, such as SPDIF and video composite interface, as well as HDTV in the Cr / Pr component and right channel audio, it is necessary to look closely at a connection instructions, and pay attention to HDTV interface to a group of generally three in a row. .
RCA connector, a different color to enter different signals.
Two SPDIF (Digital Audio): the left is the RCA / coax interface, the right is the TOSLINK interfaces. .
TOSKLINK connector.
SCART-RCA (composite video, 2X audio and S terminal) switching adapter. .
Terms:.
RCA = Radio Corporation of America. .
SPDIF = Sony/Philips Digital Interfaces 。.
PS / 2. .
The name comes from the IBM PS/2, this interface is widely used in the keyboard and mouse, is already a standard, they are now slowly being replaced by USB, PS/2 connectors generally have color logo.
The left of the colored logo on the left one is not old-fashioned color logo. .
Green as a mouse, and purple as the keyboard. There is no color flag PS/2 interface is easy to plug the keyboard and mouse mix, but don't worry, this does not cause any trouble, you cannot use both, but many systems may therefore not be able to start, as long as the two interfaces can be switched over.
USB PS / 2 adapter. .
VGA display interface.
The standard interface for PC and monitor is 15 pin mini D-Sub Interface, aka HD15, we can also use an adapter to DVI-I analog display and interface up. Interface transfer of such D-sub RGB three-color signal, as well as H-Sync, Vsync and other information. .
The VGA connector on the video card.
Display on the VGA connector. .
Some new video cards usually with two DVI interfaces, use this simple DVI-VGA switchboxes..
This can output VGA signals. .
Terminology:.
VGA = Video Graphics Array. .
DVI display interface.
DVI display interface is used to transmit digital signals directly, graphics generated by the converted digital data sent to the first analog display side, if the display is a liquid crystal digital displays like the words, but also the analog signal and then converted back to digital signals, DVI direct transmission of digital signals, to avoid trouble. In addition to video digital TDMS signal positioning and synchronization are also more advantages. .
Dual DVI video card can display the output of two numbers.
Because of VGA to DVI conversion at a slower pace, in order to be compatible with most analog displays, the most common DVI-I interface, or you can also output analog signals and digital signals, and now there is a DVI-D signals, only output figures signal. .
DVI interface types.
Terms:. .
DVI = Digital Visual Interface 。.
RJ45 cable connector. .
Ethernet twisted pair cables, now Gigabit network are taking the place of a hundred trillion network. Twisted-pair network cable actually has two kinds:.
One is the extensive use of direct connection, the other is a special case of cross-line use. If it is PC to connect switches or other network interface, or the status of other parties connected to the case of unequal use direct connection, and if the connection is so two devices, for example, are two PC, notebook so, we must use a crossover line. The difference is the line order is inconsistent, the interface is the same. .
PCI card interface.
Many network cards on both network connectivity with the flag state of the instruction LED lights. In Europe and North America, ISDN and other network devices use the same RJ45 interfaces. ISDN widely used in Europe, while broadband connections more widely in North America, but only the DSL using RJ45, cable modem typically use BNC interfaces. Therefore, users need to pay attention to RJ45 interface, next to the label is "LAN", "ISDN" or "DSL", of course, is not misplaced equipment damage than fear. .
RJ11 telephone cable interface.
RJ45 and RJ11 are quite similar in appearance, but the RJ11 has four access points with 8 RJ45, RJ11 in the computer is mainly used in the modem, because many countries the telephone connection is different, so RJ11 adapter be more. .
RJ11 connector on your notebook.
RJ11 modem interface. .
This is one for the German telephone plugs RJ11 line conversion.
S-Video (Hosiden, Y / C). .
S Terminal is to detach the luminance and chrominance values to transmit analog video signal than composite video in higher quality images in all of the analog signal output scenario, second only to HDTV component output mode. However, by TDMS DVI or HDMI digital output is the optimal choice of picture quality.
S-Video inputs on the graphics card can output to TV on the. .
SCART。.
SCART is a complex joint, widely used in Europe and Asia consumer electronics products, this connection also with the S terminal, RGB and analog stereo audio signal, but does not support analog HDTV component YpbPr and YcrCb color mode. .
Used to connect to a TV and VCR SCART interface.
The switch interface, the signal can be isolated from RCA to SCART. .
HDMI。.
HDMI is used to transmit uncompressed HDTV signals in digital multimedia interface, the maximum supported resolution of 1920 × 1080 interlaced signal (1080i), integrated digital rights management (DRM) copy protection mechanism, currently uses a 19-pin Type A interfaces. .
And 29-pin Type B (supports higher than 1080i resolution) HDMI interface there is no product support, HDMI and DVI-D adopt the same digital signal generation TDMS, so we can see in high-end products HDMI-DVI adaptor. In addition, HDMI can transmit 8-channel, 24 bit, 192KHz sampling rate audio signals, the HDMI signal cable should not exceed 15 m.
HDMI-DVI conversion cable. .
Terms:.
HDMI = High Definition Multimedia Interface. .
Serial ATA (SATA)。.
Four SATA interfaces on the motherboard. .
SATA is a serial bus, mainly used in large-capacity storage device, was designed to replace the older parallel ATA interface. First-generation SATA has now been widely used, the transfer rate at 150MBps. Signal cable up to 1 m, SATA uses a point-to-point connection, connect the SATA interface on the motherboard, a direct-attached hard disk, there is no other devices can share the data cable, and therefore there is no need to like parallel ATA hard disk settings for master and slave (parallel ATA each data line can be connected to 1-2 devices).
Many end with a SATA data cable to prevent wear finger protection cover. .
。.
A wide range of SATA power cable. .
。.
SATA hard drive power connector. .
Different colors of the cable.
. .
In spite of SATA is designed in an internal connection of the PC, but it is easy to become an external SATA interface.
. .
You can use the traditional d-type connector on the power supply, power supply.
. .
You can also use the diagram SATA dedicated power connector.
ATA/133 (Parallel ATA, UltraDMA/133 Or E-IDE). .
IDE is used to connect hard drives and optical drives (CD and DVD) parallel bus, also called Parallel ATA, and install the latest version of the parallel ATA uses a 40-pin, 80-conductor ribbon cable to connect to the system board and drives, each data line to connect up to 2 devices, you need to set the master device (master) and subordinate (slave), that sets the General adoption of the jumpers on the drive to achieve.
IDE data line, the middle one less hole to prevent the inserted backwards. .
Connected to the DVD drive, note if cable red line part always dashed to the power connector of the direction.
General 3. .5-Inch IDE hard drive interfaces. .
If you want to put 2. .5-inch hard drive received general IDE interface, you can use the above illustration similar switchboxes.
Patch cable, please follow this principle: the data lines are marked in red on one side of the edge should be aligned with motherboard IDE interface, the side marked with number 1, the same should also carefully check the motherboard and the IDE drive interfaces, and data cable connectors ensure that they are missing the location of needles and lack of corresponding pinhole. .
Use a data cable to connect two devices, you need to use the image below in the blue jumper cap for slave setting hard drive will typically have illustrated, is set up correctly in the BIOS will display hard drive device info.
Terminology. .
ATA = Advanced Technology Attachment 。.
E-IDE = Enhanced Integrated Drive Electronics. .
AGP graphics acceleration interface.
Now the most extensive PC graphics interface is AGP, and some old PC using the PCI interface, PCI Express, but is a strong momentum of development. PCI is a parallel bus, PCI Express is a serial bus, the two are completely different things. .
The above is an AGP interface, the following is a PCIE interface.
Number of workstation-class motherboard uses AGP pro display interface, for some OpenGL graphics card of some stronger power supply, although more and more a problem of power supply card, AGP pro and not popular, replaced by a redundant power supply interface to the graphics card settings . .
Video extra 4-pin or 6-pin power connector.
Additional power supply Molex interfaces. .
AGP 4 x and divided into 1X 2X 8X several standards, they can provide maximum bandwidth: in the following table.
Standard. .
Bandwidth.
AGP 1X. .
256 MB/s。.
AGP 2X. .
533 MB/s。.
AGP 4X. .
1066 MB/s。.
AGP 8X. .
2133 MB/s。.
Note AGP1X and 2X the voltage 3. .3 V, while the 4X and 8X the voltage of only 1. .5 V, many motherboards have signs reminding you not to insert the wrong card, but there is a universal AGP cards that can work under two voltages. .
The top is golden finger left a gap of 3 .3V AGP video card., the middle is Goldfinger has two gaps (one for 3 .3V AGP., another for 1 .5V AGP.) universal AGP video card, the bottom is golden finger right gap of 1 .5V AGP graphics.!.
PCI Express: The Serial Bus. .
Top is a PCI Express x 16 slots, following are two PCI Express slots X1.
Support nVIDIA SLI dual PCI-Express interfaces. A small PCI Express x1 in the middle. .
PCI Express (PCIe) is used for the latest video card interfaces, can also be used for connecting other cards, but currently this type of card is also very small. In theory, can provide close to PCIe X16 twice the AGP 8X one-way transmission bandwidth, but in fact, bandwidth advantage has not been fully utilized in today's video cards.
The top is a PCI Express x16, PCI interface, two traditional middle, bottom of a PCI Express x1. .
PCI Express bandwidth:.
PCI E channels. .
Unidirectional bandwidth.
Two-way bandwidth of. .
1.
256 MB / s. .
512 MB/s。.
2. .
512 MB/s。.
1 GB / s. .
4.
1 GB / s. .
2 GB/s。.
8. .
2 GB/s。.
4 GB / s. .
16.
4 GB / s. .
8 GB/s。.
PCI and PCI-X. .
PCI is an early variety is used to connect to the PC card bus standards, such as network card, Modem, sound card and video editing card and so on. Most boards are based on a 32-bit 33MHz frequency, 2. .1 version of the PCI interface, 3 .3V voltage, can-provided maximum 133MB/s of bandwidth, some boards also have 2 .3 66MHz. PCI version. Parallel PCI bus is another direction PCI-X, this interface in the workstation and the server is common, the SCSI controller and a multiport adapter needs this kind of high-bandwidth interface. 64-bit, 133MHz in PCI-X 1. .0 Can provide 1GB / s bandwidth. .
2. PCI specification support 3. .1 .3V voltage, slot on the left side of the barrier can prevent older 5V PCI card incorrectly inserted.
Just insert the card cheat. .
64-bit PCI-X port RAID controller card.
The top is a 32-bit PCI slot, following the three 64-bit PCIX interface, the bottom of the green jack to support ZCR (Zero Channel RAID). .
Terms:.
PCI = Peripheral Component Interconnect. .
Standard ATX power supply connector and. ..
Power connector. .
Power supply specifications:.
AMD. .
Socket 462。.
Power standards. .
ATX12V 1. .5 or greater.
ATX plug. .
20-pin。.
Auxiliary AUX plug (6-pin). .
Unused.
P4 Interface (4-pin 12V). .
Rarely used.
Socket 754. .
Standard power supply.
ATX12V 1. .3 Or higher. .
ATX plug。.
20-pin, sometimes 24-pin. .
AUX plug (6-pin)。.
No. .
P4 connector (4-pin 12V)。.
Sometimes used. .
Socket 939。.
Power standards. .
ATX12V 1。.3 or higher。.
ATX plug. .
20-pin, sometimes 24-pin。.
AUX plug (6-pin). .
Unused.
P4 connector (4-pin 12V). .
Sometimes used.
Intel. .
Socket 370。.
Power standards. .
ATX12V 1。.3 or higher。.
ATX plug. .
20-pin。.
AUX plug (6-pin). .
Rarely used.
P4 connector (4-pin 12V). .
Rarely used.
Socket 423. .
Standard power supply.
ATX12V 1. .3 Or higher. .
ATX plug。.
20-pin. .
AUX plug (6-pin)。.
Rarely used. .
P4 connector (4-pin 12V)。.
Needs. .
Socket 478。.
Power standards. .
ATX12V 1。.3 or higher。.
ATX plug. .
20-pin。.
AUX plug (6-pin). .
Unused.
P4 plug (4-pin 12V). .
You need to.
Socket 775. .
Standard power supply.
ATX12V 2. .01 Or higher. .
ATX plug。.
24-pin, sometimes 20-pin. .
AUX plug (6-pin)。.
n / a. .
P4 plug (4-pin 12V)。.
Needs. .
P4 plug (8-pin 12V)。.
945X chipset or higher usually. .
24-pin ATX power connector.
20-pin ATX motherboard connector. .
20-pin ATX cable.
ESP 6-pin connector. .
The power cable from the floppy drive.
20/24 pin power connector detachable motherboard (ATX or EATX). .
Don't put 20/24-pin power connector with detachable 4-pin 12V connector is inserted into the expansion of secondary (AUX) power interface, so it either becomes Extended ATX power connector or completely useless (with 20-pin ATX power connector on the motherboard).
Separate 4-pin 12V auxiliary power cord is only (AUX) power connector, it is easy to identify: two yellow and two black wires. .
Some boards also need extra power supply.
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Technical comment ?. .
Motherboard USB pin interface encyclopedia author: xcvm time: 2007-07-22, Sunday.
An overview for each USB peripheral interfaces able to provide +5 V500MA current, when we connect on-board USB interface, the motherboard must be in strict accordance with instructions for installation. Can never go wrong, or they will burn motherboards or peripherals. I believe there are a lot of friends in the front USB plug cable connection occurs when a similar "smoking something, see." This requires us to accurately determine the order of pre-USB Line USB interface, if we know the basic layout structure, the problem is not the problem disappears you.2. USB host port real map: wiring diagram: VCC Data-Data + GND loop diagram:.
Equipment side: wiring diagram: VCC GND Data-Data + 3, USB interface, the common market, the wiring structure of the motherboard on the market two years, the pre-board USB interface, using both a standard 9-pin USB interface ninth pin is empty, relatively easy to determine. But most brands are used by manufacturers to customize the computer's motherboard, when we did not use the maintenance manual; well as the previous 815 motherboard, 440BX, 440VX motherboard, front USB-connected in a very chaotic, there is no single standard .When we repair such machines, how to judge the law? now put on the market of the more common motherboard front USB connection of a summary, for reference. (Note: * represents a PIN, the pin-x representatives without the PIN. 1, 6-pin)-this interface is not used, this type of USB pin arrangement in elite P6STP-FL (REV: 1. .1) motherboards for Haier little Superman 766 host. Its power is the power of negative two front USB interface, so the front two USB interface requires 6 wires and motherboard connections, routing, as shown in the following table. ■ DATA1 + ■ DATA1-■ VCC ■ DATA2-■ DATA2 + ■ GND 2, 8-pin double row of this interface, the most common, in fact, the position occupied by a 10-pin, but there are two needle position is empty, such as the elite The P4VXMS (REV: 1. .0) motherboard. The board also provides a standard 9-pin wiring, such as yes for the convenience of DIY in the assembly to connect the computer is easy.■VCC ■DATA－ ■DATA＋ □NUL ■GND ■GND □NUL ■DATA＋ ■DATA－ ■VCC 。.
MSI MS-5156 motherboard front USB interface is used in each 8-pin reverse method. Although the board using Intel 430TX chipset, but the first time and provides a rare USB1. .0 Standard interface of two, only need to use a separate external pin. Since the motherboard's USB power supply with a current-limiting protection technology, so even if we reversed USB power supply cable, and will not cause or motherboard can not be burned Kai USB devices in one.■ ■ ■ The VCC DATA-DATA + GND GND ■ ■ ■ the DATA-DATA + ■ ■ VCC the interface of the more common, more use in 815, or 440BX earlier motherboard. ■ DATA + VCC * DATA * ■ ■ ■ the VCC-GND DATA + * DATA-* GND following this kind of interface is now more is also found in 2001, 2002, the period of the motherboard. ■ VCC ■ DATA-■ DATA + □ NUL ■ GND ■ VCC ■ DATA-■ DATA + □ NUL ■ GND 3, 9-pin USB interface, front-row that the most common, most motherboards are using this interface, some of them with a slot limit. Such as: Elite P6IEA, INTEL D845GLVA motherboard, L4IBMGL2 (REV: 1. .0 B), the elite 865PE-A (REV: 2. .0), Jetway P4X400DA motherboard Jetway JP4MFM.■VCC ■DATA－ ■DATA＋ ■GND ■NC ■VCC ■DATA－ ■DATA＋ ■GND □NUL 。.
Some motherboards also grounded the tenth pin, but that did not change much on the performance, not much difference between, you can then you can not answer. ■ VCC ■ DATA-■ DATA + ■ GND ■ GND ■ VCC ■ DATA-■ DATA + ■ GND □ NUL. .
Some motherboard not only design with limited places, but also clearly labeled on each pin of the definition, such as weixing MS-845GLML motherboard.
Wave front produced several motherboard is 9-pin USB interface, though, but the location of empty needles, and other manufacturers of all with a little special, empty needle position on the contrary, such as 845GPRO, 845DBA, 845DBAR2 other motherboards, just an empty needle position is the 10th pin, rather than the ninth needle. .
Elite L4S5M motherboard is 9-pin front panel USB interface, but the empty pin position 7-pin, 4-pin is not used, the two USB interface is reciprocal. For the reciprocal of the USB interface, we must pay attention to could not be wrong, because this situation because we received on an often judged by the experience of another connection, which part is damaged. ■ GND ■ NC ■ DATA + ■ DATA-■ VCC ■ VCC ■ DATA-■ DATA + □ NUL ■ GND 4, 10-pin double elite P6STM motherboard, Shenzhou computer using FC-810T motherboard to use 10-pin double USB interface, the ninth , 12 for the idle pin, 2 USB interface, the same as the access method. ■ VCC ■ DATA-■ DATA + ■ GND ■ NC ■ VCC ■ DATA-■ DATA + ■ GND ■ NC. .
Like weixing 845 Ultra Motherboard VER: 1, although it is used by the ten-pin double-row, but the two groups of USB connection instead, and use a pair of ground. ■VCC ■DATA－ ■DATA＋ ■GND ■GND ■GND ■GND ■DATA＋ ■DATA－ ■VCC 。.
MSI 815E PRO (VER: 1) N1996 ■ VCC ■ DATA-■ DATA + ■ GND ■ NC ■ NC ■ GND ■ DATA + ■ DATA-■ VCC. .
5, 15-pin double-row this kind of interface, found in Bai Yu P4X266 (PR22-S), Shuo Tektronix SL-65KV2 motherboard above, while the PIN number, but the USB interface is also just two, extra above a row are ground, is designed to reduce interference between the USB cord, improve work performance. ■ GND NULL ■ GND ■ GND ■ GND ■ GND ■ GND ■ GND ■ VCC ■ DATA-■ DATA + ■ GND ■ VCC ■ DATA-■ DATA + ■ GND kind:. .
Following this kind of interface, more can be found in some OEM motherboard. ■ GND GND ■ ■ ■ the DATA-DATA + VCC □ NUL ■ ■ DATA + GND ■ ■ ■ ■ the VCC DATA-DATA + ■ GND GND □ NUL ■ ■ VCC ■ DATA-6, 4-pin single row found ASUS CUSL2-C (REV: 1. .02), three Emperor P651ML, elite L4VXA2 motherboard. ■ VCC ■ DATA + ■ DATA-■ GND □ NUL. .
IV. the chassis side connection of the current market sales of DIY USB connector of the chassis has two types of powder, and one is assembled for use in non-standard USB interface and standard USB interface. 1. bulk cable connector.
2, the standard combination of joints. .
In General, use the USB connector of the chassis with four different colors of thread to use the difference between the black line, which is ground (GND), red line is the power supply is level (VCC or + 5Volt), a white line data negative cable (USB Port-or Data-), green line is a data line (or USB Port + Data +). Both the first access method or combination of casual access method, we must determine the installation is correct, then we (especially the power supply connected in positive and negative), to power-test machine, or it must use the multimeter to help us determine on-board USB plug the correct pin Connection. 5, USB interface, the basic method to judge the plug USB cable way up, six needles, there are eight-pin, 9 pin, 10 pin, but because the USB cable to use +5 V power supply and ground, which is our basis for identifying the correct has helped define.Because computers in the course of using the air emission frequency band is wide of a large number of electromagnetic waves, to prevent these electromagnetic interference to other household appliances, use a steel chassis and body safety grounding. It is also important to understand that not only chassis ground and chassis is also a secondary power switching power supply, we commonly referred to as "power." So we distinguish USB interface, as long as the multimeter in * 1 stall or via rail, test the USB interface in the needle and the chassis is on, so you can immediately determine the ground. As long as that ground, and with every other 2-pin is the "power positive", that is, VCC side. The rest can be ranked by position. Basic approach: put through interrupted or resistance multimeter file * 1 file. .
Contact with black table pen boards ground, such as a USB interface or a keyboard interface, the edges of the fixing screw locations, these locations are ground.
Black fixed table document, one by one with the red table notes contacts pin front USB interface. .
Received a PIN, multimeter issued or resistance stall indicates tweets to 0 or less, then red table pen contact front USB PIN is ground (GND). Next, and then under the basic layout of the USB connection, you can determine the power (VCC) and the other two data lines.
If you do not worry, we can continue to judge the power is. Because USB uses the +5 V power supply pin power plug from the ATX20 the +5 V (red) or +5 VSB (purple) supply, as long as the measurement of which of needles and the ATX power supply turn red or purple on it. Some high-end motherboard, USB power supply is not provided directly by the power, but power management according to the system through the USB power supply cut off whenever a malfunction occurs on the peripheral power supply, or use the USB interface, limiting IC output current limited to 500MA.We can observe a PCB transmission line to connect to the power of connection; you can also use multimeter measurement of resistance, and USB interfaces connected insurance control power resistors or SCR pin, that is the positive terminal of the USB interface. 6. USB power supply method 1, using + 5VSB or + 5V power supply some low-end motherboard manufacturers for production cost considerations, there is a direct use of switching power supplies sent out + 5VSB or + 5V power supply, which have one or no insurance power or current limiting resistors. To do so will result in the case of USB interface or USB peripheral failure will cause the host can not power up or not start. If the host is the work inserted into the USB peripheral issues will lead to board immediately restart. .
Mid-range motherboard manufacturers mostly in USB power supply circuit design power filtering and recoverability insurance resistance to protect the stability of the motherboard, avoid hot-pluggable USB peripherals when panic or restart. Below because manufacturers using a simple power supply, causing power loop filter inductance of the more serious burns.
Because of the rear similar to USB interface and keyboard interface, so most motherboards are used in the design of the rear USB interface and mouse and keyboard with the power of practice in the general vicinity of the keyboard interface, there will be a JB1 jumper, the user can choose to use +5 VSB (keyboard and mouse can provide boot functionality, Wake on LAN feature, but the current smaller, mobile hard disk can not meet supply) power supply; or use the +5 V power supply (to provide a larger current, but not mouse and keyboard turn).However some motherboards at design time to cancel the jumper, so when the computer shuts down light lamp, this situation can only be used in the computer and unplug the host system powered power plug can be completely powered off.
Biostar motherboards as KBNHAG rear in order to use USB interface board more stable power supply, the mouse and keyboard, and USB power supply was isolated. .
2 + 5V power supply IC by limiting or use power tubes controlled power supply this design in General can be found in high-end motherboard, USB power supply circuit capacitor filter the current limiting resistor, insurance, or power management IC, this design can ensure that each motherboard USB interface to the peripherals provide maximum 500MA supply current while when peripheral IC circuit, current limit will be automatically cut off power supply, USB interface guarantees that the host normal and stable work. However, because the maximum supply current of only 500MA, so when we use the mobile hard disk, often appear unable to recognize disk, easy to read identification documents after the closing bell, can only copy a small file can not copy large files, copy files easily crash, etc. . .
7. Notes for six-pin USB interface, including power supply and power supply are common. 9-and 10-pin USB interface, the 9-pin null, is to locate and prevent reverse USB interface, causing burning Board. If we have doubts in judge, we can also assist by multimeter, to determine the accuracy of the connection. 8, and other interface differences 1, 9-pin COM interfaces are USB interfaces and 1394 because of the rapid popularization of the connection between the two easy to install, can be charged swap, so often used by the original COM port is now less likely to board on the. Manufacturers to take into account the customer base, just keep the motherboard pin COM port for a separate external users need to use. Because COM is also a nine-pin connector used, some users in connecting front USB interface is often an error.Note the difference between the COM port of the 10-pin is empty, while the perimeter graph generally there will be a box, then there is an obvious "COM" letters of the mark.
, 9-pin front audio interface, audio interface, although the front (J_AUDIO) is also a nine-pin, but the empty needle for the seventh pin, while the interface is usually the sound card or headset interface to near the rear. .
10-pin front panel audio connector (junxing 845PEML), the audio interface with the General common nine front audio interface, 1, 9 is the right channel, 2, 10 is the left channel, 3, 4, 5, 7 to the VCC, MIC IN, 6-8 empty.
3, 9-pin front panel interface, front panel interface is the usual power switch, reset button, hard drive light, power light. This is crossing a line usually together, but also happens to be nine needles, if there is no icon shows that, and USB interface is very similar to the front. However, we note that for the Space Needle is also 10-pin set, especially the new board that interfaces with a clear distinction between the color, therefore not prone to error. .
4, 9-pin interface found in INFOLINK GA-IG1000-G motherboard gigabyte.
5, 9-pin SPDIF interfaces found in Gigabyte and MSI motherboards, but the location of the interface space needle the fifth pin. .
69-pin interface found in weixing MS-6566 JDB, 6580 motherboard, it is necessary to pay attention to the interface and USB interface, it is very similar to the 9-pin. vacancies.
7, a single row of five-pin interface, infrared interface: infrared interface, USB pin definitions and similar, there are VCC, GND feet, Then to send and receive both feet, but the IR port with a single row of five empty needle is the fourth needle, rather than the fifth needle. .
Wake on LAN interface: the interface even though it is single-row 5-pin, but its complete five-pin.
8, 5-pin interface, 5-pin connector on the motherboard there are several, such as infrared, SPDIF Interfaces, SUB_CEN interface, these types of interface, although the use of double six-pin, but only five needles are generally not as a USB interface. .
9, 15-pin connector motherboard integrated VGA interface: this interface is used in the motherboard before 810 more common, current Board are generally directly using the onboard VGA interface alternative COM2 interface location.
Soft cat interface: If the elite P6SET-ML, this cat 370 interface board, the common need to take up some CPU resources to complete the data modulation and demodulation functions, is a special interface, and manufacturers can only produce their own soft cat necessary use. There are similar card interface. .
AME interface: because the game handles are also increasingly using Plug and play USB interface, so the sound card that comes with 15-pin GAME interfaces to use less and less opportunities, some of the manufacturers in the motherboard back interface eliminates the interface, but the extension might.
14 pin connected home audio interfaces: the front audio interface seen Gigabyte U8668-D (HEDY happy 2004), there is no more common in other motherboards, the most right side of the extra four needles can be used to directly use the jumper cap to short Then, to work around the home audio interface the same time. Otherwise, the rear interface controlled by the front interface, the current home into a headset microphone or headset interface, it will automatically cut off the rear input interface. .
Comment? technical data.
DVI Interface Details of: xcvm Time: July 22, 2007 Sunday. .
Now with DVI LCD monitor is very popular, also equipped with the same interface display card is also very common, so together led to DVI, and VGA interfaces because of traditional and digital signal match exactly, so declined.
Speaking of DVI interfaces, many of my friends will think of white D-type socket. Yes, this is the DVI interface and VGA interface, but different. DVI Interface is divided into three categories 5 standard, each standard has its own application, if the distinction is not in use, will affect the performance of display devices. .
Therefore, as a common display interface standards, we are still very necessary to have an understanding of DVI!.
DVI Xiangjie. .
DVI Digital Visual Interface known as it is in 1999 by Silicon Image, Intel (Intel), Compaq (Compaq), IBM, HP (Hewlett Packard), NEC, Fujitsu and other companies make up a DDWG (Digital Display Working Group, the digital display working group) launches interface standard.
It is based on Silicon Image's PanalLink interface technology based on TMDS (Transition Minimized Differential Signaling, Minimized Differential Signaling) as the basic electrical connection of electronic agreements. TMDS is a differential signaling mechanism can be pixel data coding and transmission via serial connection. Graphics generated by the transmitter digital signal encoded according to the agreement by TMDS TMDS channel sent to the receiver, after decoding to give digital display devices. .
DVI connector pins are defined.
A DVI display system includes a transmitter and a receiver. Transmitter is the source of the signal can be built-in graphics chip, the chip can also be an additional form of PCB on the cards; while the receiver is the display of a circuit that can accept digital signals, to decode and deliver to the digital display circuit, through both, the signal from a graphics display image. .
And compared to the traditional VGA signal, using the DVI signal phase LCD does not exist, do not cause the jitter pixel. In addition, using the DVI signal, the display will not cause geometric distortion and greatly improves the quality of the picture.
DVI to different standards. .
And VGA connector, DVI interfaces exist many criteria, use the monitor must thoroughly understand.
From the following chart you can see, DVI is divided into a total of 5 standard. One DVI-D and DVI-I into the "double channel" and "channel" types, we usually see is the single-channel version, the high cost of dual-channel version, so only some of the specialized equipment is qualified , the average consumer is difficult to see. .
DVI-A is an analog transmission standards, professional advanced large-screen can be seen in the CRT. However, because there is no essential difference between VGA and the performance is not high, so in fact already discarded DVI-A. As regards the DFP interface, which is a has been abandoned early digital specifications.
DVI signals on various properties, you can see the following table:. .
Specifications signal notes.
DVI-I dual-channel digital / analog Convertible VGA. .
DVI-I single channel digital/analog VGA convertible.
DVI-D dual-channel digital can not convert VGA. .
DVI-D single channel digital VGA is not converted.
DVI-A analog has been abandoned. .
DFP figures have been abandoned.
VGA Analog -. .
18-pin and the 24-pin what's the difference?.
Market, we can often hear the dealer described the DVI cable, 18 +1 and 24 +1 and 18 +5 and 24 +5 which four kinds of specifications. .
Some people say 18-PIN is a simplified version that does not perform as well as a 24-pin; it was also stated that some of the 24-pin is a ground wire, and 18-exactly the same. The argument that the correct?.
In fact, the above table has been revealed details of the. 18 needles are single-channel DVI, transfer rate is only half the 24-pin for 165MHz. The screen display, single-channel DVI resolution and dual-channel support is exactly the same, but the refresh rate is only about half of dual-channel will cause a decline in display quality.In General, single-channel DVI interfaces, the maximum refresh rate can only support to 1920 * 1080 * 60hz or 1600 * 1200 * 60hz, i.e. existing 23-inch widescreen display and 20-inch standard ratio for the monitor to normal display, no matter how high would result in a decline in the display effect.
We now commonly used liquid crystal display is maintained in the 19-inch screen and 20-inch widescreen general about real people who spend very little large-screen displays, so the single-channel 18-pin DVI interface has enough. The use of large-screen LCD monitor, then 24-pin dual channel DVI is a necessary condition. .
DVI-I converted to VGA connector.
As of 18 +5 and 24 +5 this specification are all DVI-I, more than four lines may be used out of the traditional VGA compatible analog signal. This interface uses the graphics card more than display the basic need, unless it is 970P so would be considered a single interface to monitor. .
VGA monitor worth buying?.
Since we mentioned the DVI cable, it must say VGA. Because the market there are still some single-VGA LCD display for sale, prices are usually cheaper than the model with DVI hundred dollars or so they display it worth to buy? . .
Small series of recommendations is if it is a small-screen product purchase. Because of the difference between DVI and VGA only 1600 * 1200 high resolution will see more obvious, lower resolution such as 1280 * 1024 or 1440 * 900 is a fundamental difference, invisible.
The screen displays the phase and the geometric distortion problem, with the automatic adjustment of display technology, a key AUTO-off can be buttoned. .
The last warning you that if you decide to purchase dual-interface display, be sure to use the DVI signal, using a VGA signal display quality can seriously decrease. One reason is that a lot of shoddy work displayed card, VGA portion of the low-pass filter circuit is cancelled, the signal serious losses. v。.
